Divisibility · Beginner

Divisibility by 11

Subtract the sums of alternate digits. A multiple of 11, including zero, means the integer is divisible by 11.

01

The fast method

(1 + 1) - 2 = 0.

How it works

Subtract the sums of alternate digits. A multiple of 11, including zero, means the integer is divisible by 11. 10 is congruent to -1 modulo 11, so powers of 10 alternate between 1 and -1.

02

Why it works

10 is congruent to -1 modulo 11, so powers of 10 alternate between 1 and -1.
Use it when

Applies to base-ten integers. Either alternating group can be subtracted from the other.

Watch out for

Zero and negative multiples of 11 also pass the test.

03

Verified examples

Example 1

Is 121 divisible by 11?

(1 + 1) - 2 = 0.

Yes
Example 2

Is 2728 divisible by 11?

(2 + 2) - (7 + 8) = -11.

Yes
Example 3

Is 1234 divisible by 11?

(1 + 3) - (2 + 4) = -2.

No